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UMTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS BLANCHARD, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

MeeHrnn non` CUTTING QUT sHEnvns Anp Pins ann BORING sHEAvEs or sHIIs7 'recrue-BLOCKS.

Speeiaton of Letters Patent No. 17, dated August 31, 1836.

T0 all 'whom t may concern Be it known that I, THOMAS BLANCHARD, late ef Springfield, in. the eeuntv Of Hampden and State ef .Meeeaehiisetts but new ef the etv, eeuntv, and State ef New York, have invented., made, and epphed te use eertain new and useful improvements in the methed, ef. @little '1 eut the sheaves and plus ef eleipefteekle-le Deke enel pulleys from the rough leg and boring the sheaves, whereby beth sheaves and eine are better Prepared for turning and finishing for use, which are SllQWll and set forth in the following desriptioii and references to the drawings hereunto annexed and making part of thle Sneelieaten, wheren- The drawing Figure l contains a representatinn of the whole machine, and certain deteehed, and Shifting er Changeable parte, whese uses are Vrespectively, and consecu' tively set forth hereinafter, are represented separately, and the same letters, and figures of reference apply to the similar parts in all the figures Aso far as the same are alike their forms, and uses.

In Fig. l, Sheet l, A, A, is the standard frame in which the working parts of the machine are fixed for use, shown as if of wood, but may be of iron.

a, a, are two metal slides with hollow inner edges in which the wood or metal bed B, travels, and which is retained down, and guided by being screwed on a metal frame Zn, b, whose outer edges are beveled to fit, and move in the hollows in the edges of the slides a, a, at one end a wood, or metal upright, or head stock frame, c, c, is attached to the lower frame Zn, Z), having two slots in the vertical arms, at the opposite end of the frame Z), is the vertical, or tail stock frame d, having also long slots in the vertical arms, and connecting the two frames c, and d, is the holding down or keeper piece 0, and keeper screws, and slide nut e, working through a slot in c. Attached to each of the frames c, and d, is a bent carrier bar f, f,

so fitted by Ynuts and screws through the slots in the frames 0, and el, that the bars f, f, may be secured at any required height. Upon the side of the frame c, is jointed one end of the holding lever g, having a hook whereon hangs a weight, and at the opposite end, upon the standard frame a, in front, and in a right line from the head stock frame are two short vertical standards D, D, on the exterior sides of the standards D, D, is the gage slide, and stop z' regulated by screws going through slots into the standards D, D, and shawn in sections in the detached Fig. 5. On the interior sides of the standards D, D, are two slide pieces j, j, screwed through slide slots on the standards D, D, and fitted to carry the sliding horizontal mandrel frame le, and Z, with its pulley, or drum m, which mandrel slide is moved by the lever n whose fulcrum is below on one standard D, and which lever has a slot to receive a stud on the mandrel frame 7,5, by which the lever moves the frame in either direction. Upon the lower horizontal part of the standard frame A, opposite the standards D, D, is a swinging frame E, the lower part of which is joined to the standard frame ground piece, andthe upper part is fitted with bearings O, O, to receive the mandrel, or arbor p, on one end of which is the driving drum F, and on the other end the circular saw G, which is directed to the required cut or withdrawn therefrom by the hand lever g, the arc of the motion being limited by the regulating, or keeper bar r, fixed at the head of one of the standard posts A, which post is made of an extra length for this, and for other purposes hereinafter explained, and the machine as thus far described is to be used as follows.

Then it is desirable to saw a log of wood into the proper thickness for making sheaves, the log is to be placed in the hollow of the bed B, and supported at either end by the carrier bars f, f, and held down either by the lever g and its weight, or by the keeper screw e, from the keeper piece ff, or both as may be needed, and with very crooked pieces, wedges, 0r chocks may also be required. The gage slide z', is being regulated so that the required thickness of sheave may constitute the distance between the gage head and the saw, the bed B is to be pushed up by hand until the end of the log touches, and is stopped`V by the gagehead 2'. The workman then the saw lever g, forces the saw toward the log, and saw having motion. given'by a band or belt on the pulley F, which is connected in any usual mode to a first moving power will rapidly saw ofi the sheaves as required. 1When itis ldesired to saw out pins. for sheaves, the material is to be first cut from yals the log into proper lengths in the same manner as the sheaves as above described, and then the screw clamp H, and its bearing plate S, shown in the detached Fig. 2, which are all fitted for the purpose are to be laid into the frame upon the bent carrier bars f, f, and the pieces to be formed into pins are successively placed and screwed by the screw Q, into the clamp, and the gage head c' being regulated with ,saw to the size of the pin wanted, the operation of sawing out the pins is performed with the saw precisely as herein before described for sawing the sheaves, only that when the wood is sawed into thicknesses, it has to be sawed again to form a piece of square wood whose side shall be the diameter of the pin. When it is intended to bore the rough sheave for the pin hole, the traveling bed B, and all its frames and attendant fixtures are entirely removed by slipping it endwise out of the slide pieces a, a, and off the standard frame A, A, and the saw is thrown out of gear in any usual mode, and the two part slidingr bed I, shown detached in Fig. 8, is substituted for it. The lower part of this frame l, is fitted to work on the slide pieces a, a, and is to be stopped at any required point by a wedge, or block behind, and between it, and the movable sheave davit c, (shown by dotted lines on the plan). The upper part of the frame 2, slides on the lower part having the head block 3, on the lower frame 1, between the ends, and across the length of the frame 2, and the upper part of the frame 2, is connected to the mandrel frame R, by the strap lV, at the head end, and passed around the next bar of the mandrel frame and at the tail end a cord going over the upper part of the movable sheave davit fa, and under by the lower sheave over the sheave in the bumpkin davit connects the upper part of the frame 1, and leads now to the treadles y, and the operation of these last described parts is as follows. The workman places the rough sheaves in the clamps formed between the head stock 3, and the head end of the frame 2, and then pressing his foot on the treadles y compresses and holds it firmly there with the center opposite the drill in the mandrel Z, then with the w, moves the mandrel. frame R up toward the sheave, and rapid rotary motion being given by a belt over the drum mi, by any first mover, the drill enters, and makes the pin hole, and when a round bush is used the drill is made so as to form the required countersink. lVhen this is done the workman moves the lever back, and removes his foot from the treadle at the same time, thus opening the chops between the frames. The strap fw, as the mandrel frame moves drawing the frame 2 with it, the sheave then drops out below, leaving the chops open for others in succession to be inserted, and operated upon in the same way, and in the same manner any description of boring for other operations on block sheaves within the size of the machine may be separately effected. Y

Vhenever it may occur that larger sheaves are required from this machine any increased size of cross-cut, sawing may be effected thereby within the size of the machine by laying the material either upon the main frame, upon the front, or upon the bench board 4, at the back of the saw, in either case the material may be held by a pointed lever, the point being inserted into poles in metal plates not shown lin the drawing, but which may be made in the long standard post shown in the drawing of the machine to which this specification refers below where it is marked A, 1. Upon the bench board 4, is the shifting gage stop 5, to

measure any required length of material to v be cut, and connected by a bar 6, to the saw frame. The vertical swinging balance lever 7, having a weight at the upper and lower ends will assist the workman to swin the saw frame E, in or out as may be needed. When it is required to saw short pieces of wood into sheaves, a pair of chops made of metal, shown detached in Fig. 4, whose lower part forms a horizontal T standard may be placed on the traveling bed B and secured down by a block under the keeper screw e, so that the T piece 7% may be held under it. The piece to be operated on may now be placed on the chops 8, 8, which are to be regulated by the gage pin 9, and the piece to be held b the screw 10, so as to be cut up to a very sliort length of wood. The bed B, and the slide gage z', being used exactly as is before described, when used without this auxiliary apparatus. In cases where from the form ofthe piece, or from other causes it may be desirable to saw up still shorter lengths of material, the apparatus K, shown detached Fig. 6, may be used as follows: The metal plate 11, is prepared so that it may be fitted, and screwed securely on one side to the end of the gage slide z'. On the other side is the metal claw piece 12, having teeth on its outer edge. Above this the movable metal claw 13, is jointed to the face of the plate 11, and fitted with teeth in the same way, and with a long lever beyond the joint reaching outside the plate 11. By a cord ascending to a pulley, and descending from the pulley to a treadle, the workman can with the pressure of one foot on the treadle hold securely any short piece of material between the claws with one end close to the face of the plate 11, and this being adjusted so that the distance from the face of the plates to the saw is the same as the thickness of material required to be cut. The other end of the piece may be steadied by one hand of the workman, while with the other hand he brings up the saw to the material and cuts it as required. The machine being used with this last auxiliary part in all other respects as heretofore described and set forth.

And I, the said 'IHoMAs BLANCHARD, do hereby declare that I claim as my invention- The having made and applied to use the several combinations of known mechanical apparatus herein before substantially set forth and described as applicable to the several uses herein specified.

I do not claim any of the parts of said machinery separately, and independently of their connection in the aforesaid combination, but I claim their application, and use in the above said combination, or any other substantially the same whereby the aforesaid or same results are produced.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand Aug. l1, 1836.

THOMAS BLANCHARD.

Witnesses:

JOHN N. TAYLOR, JAs. A. SANFORD. 

